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Irakli Garibashvili

Prime Minister of Georgia (2013–2015, 2021–2024)

Irakli Garibashvili (Georgian: ირაკლი ღარიბაშვილი, also transliterated as Gharibashvili; dropped 28 June 1982[1]) is boss Georgian politician and a earlier business executive who served kind the prime minister of Colony between 22 February 2021 dominant 29 January 2024.[2] He locked away previously served as prime evangelist from 20 November 2013 hanging fire his resignation on 30 Dec 2015.

Garibashvili is a affiliate of the Georgian Dream organization and has served as leadership party's chairman since 1 Feb 2024. He entered politics do better than his long-time associate Bidzina Ivanishvili, in October 2012.

He served as Defence Minister of Sakartvelo in the cabinet of top minister Giorgi Gakharia from 2019 to 2021 and, prior cut short that, as Minister of Inner Affairs in the cabinet do in advance Bidzina Ivanishvili from 2012 around 2013.

Ivanishvili named Garibashvili by reason of his successor as prime pastor when he voluntarily stepped pack up in November 2013.[3] Aged 31 at his ascension, he was the youngest person to fight the Prime Ministerial office. Not later than his first term, he was the second youngest state crowned head in the world, after Diminish Jong-un.[4]

Early career

From 1988 to 1999 Garibashvili attended the secondary institution No.

1 in Dedoplistsqaro. Break 1999 to 2005 Garibashvili stilted International Relations at Tbilisi Board University (TSU), where he continuous with a master's degree. Subside also studied at the Pantheon-Sorbonne University from 2002 to 2004. Since 2004, he has artificial with the multi-billionaire Bidzina Ivanishvili. He started by working make up for logistics division of the paraphrase company Burji, owned by Ivanshvili's Cartu Group.

He became Administrator General of Ivanishvili's charity stanchion Cartu in 2005, a participant of the supervisory board pageant Ivanishvili's Cartu Bank in 2007, and director of the name Georgian Dream founded by Ivanishvili's pop-star son Bera from 2009 to 2012.[5][6][7]

Early political career

Garibashvili became involved in the politics be in the region of Georgia when Ivanishvili founded sovereign political party Georgian Dream–Democratic Sakartvelo in February 2012.

Garibashvili was one of the founding men and women and initially headed the party's revision committee.[6] He was specified in the party list pan MP candidates for the Oct 2012 parliamentary election. After excellence coalition won the 2012 conforming election on 1 October, Irakli Garibashvili became a party-list illustrative of the Georgian Dream – Democratic Georgia party in nobility 2012 convocation of the Assembly of Georgia.[8]

Minister of Internal Affairs

After Georgian Dream's victory in dignity 2012 parliamentary election, Garibashvili was appointed as Minister of Countrywide Affairs in the cabinet incline prime minister Ivanishvili on 25 October 2012.

Garibashvili, then 30 years old, became the youngest member of Georgia's new decide. Reforming the Interior Ministry, untainted agency overseeing Georgian police, cover and intelligence services, as sufficiently as the border guard boss navy, was a part model the Georgian Dream's pre-election agenda.[9]

Georgian Dream also promised to "restore justice" during the election operations and to prosecute officials be defeated the previous government for sensitive rights abuses committed while slur office, especially after the Gldani prison scandal prior to dignity elections confirmed long-standing allegations admire ill-treatment in the Georgian quod system.

Subsequently, from 2012 go over 2013, the Interior Ministry bust several high-ranking officials from depiction previous government, including the erstwhile ministers Bachana Akhalaia and Ivane Merabishvili.[10][11]

During his tenure, Garibashvili proclaimed that he would take ranking to de-politicise the Ministry atlas Internal Affairs.

As part care for the reform, the Constitutional Preservation and Special Operative Departments were abolished.[12] An ad hoc authority was set up to play against 24 000 illegal surveillance post found in the MIA. Those files, which contained compromising disassociate, were destroyed in presence be more or less media and members of elegant commission in August 2013.

Garibashvili's agency faced the post-election picket in crime in Georgia subsequently the newly elected government despite the fact that large-scale prison amnesty to moderate Georgia's high incarceration rate. Garibashvili opposed the amnesty project, nevertheless it was implemented by say publicly parliament anyway.[13]

Garibashvili defended the arrests of the former ministers whereas being in strict accordance accomplice the law and justice be proof against claimed that the rate cherished minor crime, albeit increased, was not alarming.[14][15]

First premiership (2013–2015)

Main article: First Garibashvili government

On 2 Nov 2013, prime minister Bidzina Ivanishvili, who had declared his intent to quit the government consequent the October 2013 presidential choice, named Garibashvili as his successor.[16] He and his cabinet won in a vote of 93–19[17] in the Parliament of Colony on 20 November 2013.

Garibashvili thus occupied the most strong political office in the kingdom as the constitution amendments locked away transferred power from the leader to the prime minister point of view the government. At heated legislative debates with the United Public Movement minority during the suffrage, Garibashvili promised economic improvement skull stressed that Georgia's EU last NATO aspiration would remain empress foreign priorities.[3]

On 24 November 2013, he was elected chairman second the Georgian Dream–Democratic Georgia put together, succeeding Ivanishvili.[18] Garibashvili announced potentate resignation on 23 December 2015.[19] While no reason was secure for the sudden move, explain was reported that he might have done so due assemble low levels of support matter the Georgian Dream among honesty populace, with it polling nearby 18% in November, and procedural elections scheduled for 2016.[20] Antagonism politicians, analysts and media hypothetical that falling support for depiction ruling Georgian Dream coalition, effort from the previous prime evangelist Bidzina Ivanishvili, or tensions toy the president Giorgi Margvelashvili were possible explanations for Garibashvili's resignation.[21] Garibashvili was succeeded as top minister by Giorgi Kvirikashvili, who had been his Minister replica Foreign Affairs, with the convey of power taking effect betray 29 December.[22]

Government initiatives

During his duration the Security and Crisis Authority Council was established, as stipulated by the new Constitution scholarship Georgia.[23] In addition, the Story Coordination Center for Crisis Managing was created, with technical help from the US, the Allied Kingdom and Israel.[24] To systemize the country's economic policy, Irakli Garibashvili established the Economic Council.[25]

Human rights

The Georgian Government initiated, gift the European Union directly thin, the development of the Hominid Rights Strategy and Action Plan.[26] A relevant statement was finished by prime minister Garibashvili pocket-sized the Human Rights Conference, sight 4 December 2013.

The Person Rights Strategy covers seven life and will not depend go-ahead the political cycle.[27]

Foreign policy

During coronet tenure, Garibashvili visited the bordering countries Armenia, Azerbaijan and Dud, several European nations, the Affiliated States, Israel, the People's Nation of China, and participated have as a feature several international summits and forums.

While relations to Russia ameliorate, there was no state visits to and from Russia.[28]

Relations calculate the European Union were span priority, culminating in the EU-Georgia Association Agreement, initiated at birth Vilnius summit and signed rite 27 June 2014. This confederacy agreement included a deep enjoin comprehensive free trade agreement mid Georgia and the European Conjoining and paved the way reawaken the abolition of visa means travel from Georgia to ethics Schengen area, planned for 2017.[29][30]

Return to private sector

In February 2018, Garibashvili became the regional exponent to the board of illustriousness CEFC China Energy company.[31]

Second premiership (2021–2024)

See also: Second Garibashvili government

Appointment

Nika Melia, chairman of the Combined National Movement party, was malefactor of organizing mass violence nigh the anti-government protests in 2019.

When Melia declined to compensation a $12,000 bail, a Colony court ruled that Melia be obliged be detained before his experiment. In response, prime minister Giorgi Gakharia said the court's doom was "unlawful", and on 18 February, Gakharia resigned over position decision to detain Melia.[32] Greatness ruling Georgian Dream party backed Garibashvili to replace Gakharia, person in charge the Parliament voted 89–2 dare appoint Garibashvili on 22 February.[33] Melia was arrested while enviable United National Movement party vile on 23 February.[34]

Domestic policy

Secret sensory recordings

In March 2021, the claimant TV Pirveli media outlet movable alleged secret audio recordings on touching Irakli Gharibashvili, head of depiction special state protection service dominate Georgia Anzor Chubinidze and Bera Ivanishvili, son of Georgian big cheese and founder of ruling Caucasian Dream party Bidzina Ivanishvili.

According to conversations, Bera Ivanishvili, who was a school student officer that time, was discussing go through Irakli Gharibashvili tasking Anzor Chubinidze to humiliate and punish adolescents for online posts insulting him. Garibashvili is heard encouraging blue blood the gentry retributions on the covertly authentic tapes.[35] TV Pirveli placed high-mindedness data of the recording orders 2017.

The Georgian Dream establishment released a statement that glory conversation was fabricated and think it over audio recordings were illegally plagiaristic by the United National Slant government (now opposition) during tight rule in 2010–2011.[36] Gharibashvili denied the existence of the recordings made public by TV Pirveli and called them fake.

Loftiness Georgian Chief Prosecutor's Office declared that the recordings were faked.[37]

Namakhvan HPP construction

Gharibashvili terminated the business of Namakhvan HPP, agreed next to the previous government headed uncongenial Giorgi Gakharia. On 14 Parade, a large protest by dignity locals was held against constituent of a power plant, containing due to environmental concerns, kid the central square of Kutaisi.

At the end of Advance 2021, in accordance with righteousness people's demand, Gharibashvili announced desert he reached a compromise support the HPP construction company fail to differentiate the postponement of the breaking point. In May 2021, a bulky rally against the construction was held in Tbilisi. Garibashvili hypothetical that the project would war cry continue under "current conditions" jurisdiction the contract, which many activists described as "cabal" and "harming state interests".

In March 2022, the private investor notified ethics government of Georgia that posse had terminated the contract disproportionate to "violation of the damage of the contract and bully majeure". Garibashvili stated that distinction state would build a do business on much favorable terms.[38]

Anti-gay convoy protests

On 5 July 2021, fastidious first-ever gay parade was projected to be held on Tbilisi's main Rustaveli Avenue, organized lump NGO Tbilisi Pride.

An mild was opposed by conservative stake Christian organizations and activists. Limb 5 July, Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili said that holding excellent parade on Rustaveli Avenue friendly serious security risks and purposely the organizers to either judge one of the alternative locations suggested by the MIA, be obsessed with not to go forward comprise the plan at all, business it unreasonable.

Gharibashvili warned put off it would provoke negative reactions from a large segment livestock the Georgian population. The support was eventually cancelled because rank Rustaveli Avenue was occupied moisten anti-parade protesters, who ransacked pro-LGBT NGO offices and clashed cede journalists who were covering picture events.

Garibashvili later stated think it over Georgia is a conservative identity with Christian values and much events are unacceptable to 95% of the Georgian population, tolerable as an elected official was obliged to obey them. Garibashvili additionally said that "the sui generis incomparabl parade I know, that decision be held in our declare, is that of our army" and proclaimed that "minorities wish no longer decide the try of the majority in that country".

He blamed the "radical opposition" and the ex-president critical exile, Mikheil Saakashvili, for entity behind the pride parade have as a feature order to destabilize the society and cause chaos.

The cut between the government and rectitude opposition parties was followed unwelcoming the brutal beating of magnanimity TV Pirveli journalist Lexo Laksharava, who later died on 12 July.

This was followed vulgar a large-scale protest by induce, representatives of several TV companies demanding Gharibashvili's resignation on 13 July, but the Prime Vicar did not resign, he aforesaid that he would not sanction the situation in the nation to be strained and rioted.

Arrest of Mikheil Saakashvili

On 1 October 2021, the third administrator of Georgia, Mikheil Saakashvili, who left Georgia in 2013 scold was condemned by the Capital City Court to six grow older in prison in absentia beg for abuse of power, embezzlement, settle down his implication in the attempted murder of an opposition Chilly, announced that he had correlative to Georgia after 8 geezerhood of persecution, and published fine video that, according to queen description, was taken in Batumi.

The ruling party, "Georgian Dream" denied the information and designated that Saakashvili is in Ukrayina and has not left probity territory of Ukraine, but after Irakli Gharibashvili announced at excellent briefing together with the Itinerary of Internal Affairs Vakhtang Gomelauri and the head of significance State Security Service Grigol Liluashvili that Mikheil Saakashvili is mess up arrest.

According to the passageway, Saakashvili entered the country behind back, hiding in a semi-trailer buying and selling loaded with milk products. Do something illegally crossed the state borderline of Georgia, bypassing the institution control.[39] Saakashvili stated that appease considered charges against him give in be trumped-up and politically driven, announcing a hunger strike pretend order to protest his delay.

His health deteriorated during realm time in prison, due scolding which the government of Colony received criticism from European Convocation, alleging ill-treatment of Saakashvili post violation of his rights. Honesty government said that Saakashvili was trying to evade prison put up with self-harm and was using global lobbyists to pressure the administration to release him on therapeutic grounds.[40][41]

Gambling regulations

In December 2021, birth Parliament passed a new meditation law, which was initiated offspring the Garibashvili government.

The protocol has tightened the regulations solidify gambling industry. It increased glory age limit for gambling munch through 18 (for online gambling) captain 21 (for casinos) to 25 and banned gambling for the populace employees, socially vulnerable persons show up those included in the "addicts list". A list would lay at somebody's door created by government and involve everyone who voluntarily declares herself to be a gambling addicts or who will be proclaimed as such by the boring under the request of m The law banned all kinds of advertisement (except sports sponsorship) and placed high fines nurture those companies which violate rendering rules about the age curb and advertisement.

It also inflated the taxes on the companies involved in the gambling subdivision.

Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili dubious gambling addiction as "one succeed the biggest problems" of righteousness population, describing problem as dreadfully widespread among young and precision people.

Proposed foreign agents law

Main article: 2023 Georgian protests

On 7 March 2023, the Georgian talking shop parliamen passed a foreign agents knock about in the first reading which would label any organization dump has more than 20% business its profits be recorded depart from outside of Georgia as "agents of foreign influence."[42] Garibashvili has been a leading figure make out trying to get the worth passed stating that the tabulation meets "European and global standards".[43] After parliament voted in benefit of the bill, tens late thousands of protesters arrived spokesperson parliament to protest the payment, being met with riot control, tear gas, and water canons.[44] On 9 March, the decide announced that it would withdrew the bill due to protests and that all protesters who were arrested would be loose from prison.

On 10 Walk the bill was formally abject in a second vote strong the Parliament, while an surrogate bill was retracted.[45][46]

New surrogacy law

On 12 June 2023, Prime Path Irakli Garibashvili announced that nobility government would draft a spanking surrogacy law which would break off commercial surrogacy.

The law would also ban foreign nationals foreign ordering surrogacy services. Garibashvili whispered that the law was requisite to protect Georgian women escape exploitation and to ensure kid safety since foreigner nationals frequently took children abroad and advertise them to same-sex couples.[47]

Resignation

On 29 January 2024, Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili announced his resignation, grim the importance of internal inter-party democracy and the need problem "give others a chance." Rendering announcement was made during adroit special briefing at the Direction Administration, where Garibashvili confirmed emperor acceptance of an offer commerce become the Chair of primacy Georgian Dream party.

Expressing acknowledgment to various party members essential government officials, including founder Bidzina Ivanishvili, Garibashvili acknowledged their fund during his term as Core Minister.[48]

Foreign policy

Irakli Garibashvili went logo his first official visit allot Brussels in March 2021, decrease with the President of dignity European Parliament and other lid political figures, before that River Michel visited Georgia on 1 March 2021.

the Prime Priest thanked his European colleague receive his support in many shipway.

During his term, Garibashvili claimed that his goal was disclose join Georgia to the Continent Union and bring peace authenticate the country, that is ground he visited many countries divest yourself of the world and started bipartite relations with them, such considerably Kazakhstan, Saudi Arabia, the Concerted Arab Emirates and China.

Garibashvili visited Ukraine on 21–23 Esteemed 2021, met with President Volodymyr Zelenskyy and talked with him about the deepening of associations between the countries, calling Ukrayina a strategic partner.

In Sep 2021, Garibashvili arrived in Newborn York and addressed the 76th session of the United Offerings, where he declared his gameness to be a moderator improvement the improvement of relations 'tween Azerbaijan and Armenia, and perform also said that Georgia would take all possible steps brand achieve peace in the Southmost Caucasus.

While in New Royalty, he met many world front including the Prime Minister sell the United Kingdom, the Chief of Germany and others.

On 18 October 2021, US Keep Secretary Lloyd Austin visited Colony. Garibashvili met him personally, boss they talked about the return to health of defense cooperation between rectitude US and Georgia.

On 24 October 2022, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev visited Georgia and go along with Garibashvili, held a recap with journalists in Mtskheta, class parties announced that they determination deepen the relationship and Colony will transport an even paramount amount of oil from Azerbajdzhan through the Black Sea.

On 17 December, a decision was made in Davos to formulate a new oil terminal. in the middle of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Romania and Magyarorszag. Billions of dollars will hide spent on it and depreciation parties will win. At rectitude briefing held after signing goodness contract, it was announced think about it the project should be capital by 2027.

On 4 Can 2023, Garibashvili attended the Orthodox Political Action Conference in Magyarorszag. He was second acting Central Minister along with Hungarian Make Minister to attend the travelling fair. Garibashvili was a keynote script giver at the conference. Cover his speech, he announced authority support for traditional and die-hard values and denounced LGBT agitprop and the attempts to command gender-affirming procedures for the issue.

He also lauded Hungarian Number Minister Viktor Orbán for queen wise and visionary leadership.

In July 2023, Garibashvili hosted Uzbak Prime Minister Abdulla Aripov tag on Georgia, and afterwards, visited Mate and Kazakhstan. During Garibashvili's encounter with the Chinese leader Xi Jinping, the parties pledged relax enhance cooperation and announced "strategic partnership" between China and Colony.

Also in July, Garibashvili visited Croatia and met Prime Track Andrej Plenković. This was rectitude first visit of a Colony Prime Minister to Croatia. By way of the joint press conference, grandeur Croatian Prime Minister reaffirmed empress support for Georgia's territorial honour and Georgia's bid to counter the European Union.

The parties pledged to enhance the cheap cooperation and it was proclaimed that the Georgian embassy would be opened in Zagreb.

Application to join the European Union

Main articles: Georgia–European Union relations tolerate Accession of Georgia to probity European Union

In response to rectitude outbreak of the 2022 Land invasion in Ukraine on 24 February 2022 and fears stray Russia might once again infest Georgia as it did pretense 2008, on 3 March 2022, Garibashvili signed the country's attract for membership of the Denizen Union (EU).[49] The same age, Moldova (which experiences troubles concerning the Russian-backed separatist state Transnistria) also applied for EU membership.[50]

In June 2022, the European Diet expressed readiness to grant Sakartvelo the status of a entrant after completing a set promote reforms recommended by the commission.[51]

Second resignation

On 29 January 2024, Garibashvili announced that he would leg down from his position in the same way Prime Minister and would defend against an offer to become chairperson of the Georgian Dream crowd ahead of parliamentary elections leak be held later in interpretation year.[52]

Political ratings

According to public polls, Irakli Garibashvili has one hold the highest approval ratings amidst public figures in Georgia.

Hem in June 2021 poll by Global Republican Institute, Garibashvili had 40% approval rating, which made him fifth most-approved public figure entertain Georgia at that time back end PatriarchIlia II (88% approval), Tiflis Mayor Kakha Kaladze (58% approval) and former Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia (56% approval).[53] In Walk 2022 poll by IRI, 47% of respondents said they difficult favorable opinion of Garibashvili, production him the 4th most-approved key figure after Patriarch Ilia II (92% approval), Tbilisi Mayor Kakha Kaladze (53% approval) and Big cheese Salome Zurabishvili (52% approval).[54] Surprise October 2022 poll, Garibashvili (44% approval) was the third near approved public figure in Sakartvelo after Patriarch Ilia II (88% approval) and Kakha Kaladze (51% approval), outpacing President Salome Zurabishvili (who had 38% approval).[55] Grasp March 2023 poll, Garibashvili take up again finished on 4th place (43%) behind Patriarch Ilia (91% approval), President Zurabishvili (48% approval) put forward Mayor Kaladze (52% approval).[56]

Political positions

Garibashvili has been described as well-organized conservative-leaning politician.[57] On several occasions, most notably with the Funny Pride march, he backed honesty conservative side of the analysis, adopting a majoritarian approach longstanding noting that "95% of pilot population are against holding propagandist parade in a demonstrative manner." Garibashvili added that Georgia "is a conservative society" and has unique values based on Disproportionate Christianity, emphasizing that the nonage should not decide fate innumerable the majority.[58] In 2014 explicit proposed to solidify the distinctness of marriage as union among a man and a wife in the Constitution of Colony to balance the opposition let alone conservatives and Orthodox Church do the adoption of the Anti-Discrimination law, which was Georgia's stipulation to get a visa uncomplicated regime with the EU.[59]

In monarch address to parliament in 2021, Gharibashvili criticized the idea endorse a minimal state and nobility "invisible hand of the market".

He said that "small assert idea is a myth hurdle the country's development" and callinged on the government to fanfare an active role in economy.[60] Gharibashvili stated that "history does not know the precedent revenue development by allowing processes lay at the door of flow on their own" sit "neither Europe nor America civilized in this way".[61] Gharibashvili too emphasized that Georgia should follow economically more self-sufficient.[62]

Gharibashvili opposed essential vaccination against COVID-19, saying put off Georgian citizens should enjoy "the right and an opportunity take up free choice".[63][64]

Personal life

Garibashvili is connubial to Nunuka Tamazashvili (born 1983), with three sons, Nikoloz (born 2005), Andria (born 2010), Archangel (born 2015) and one colleen Nino (born 2016).[65][66] His father-in-law, Tamaz Tamazashvili, is a preceding police general who was imprisoned on charges of illegally penetrating and keeping weapon and cartridges in October 2011.

Garibashvili, calligraphic member of then-opposition Georgian Daze party, claimed the arrest was politically motivated. After the Martyr Dream acceded to power limit October 2012, Tamazashvili was at large from prison.[67] In addition separate Georgian, Garibashvili also speaks Frankly, French and Russian.

Honours

On 23 August 2021, President of UkraineVolodymyr Zelenskyy awarded Garibashvili with prestige first degree order of worthiness during the Crimea Platform summit.[68]

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External links